The CBS News Confirmed team is fact checking the biggest claims made by Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz and Ohio Sen. JD Vance in tonight’s 2024 vice presidential debate in New York City. 

CBS News is hosting the only planned vice presidential debate between Vance and Walz on Tuesday, Oct. 1, at 9 p.m. ET on CBS and CBS News 24/7. Download the free CBS News app for live coverage, post-debate analysis, comprehensive fact checks and more. 

The debate moderators are “CBS Evening News” anchor and managing editor Norah O’Donnell and “Face the Nation” moderator and chief foreign affairs correspondent Margaret Brennan. 

CBS News’ live coverage of the vice presidential debate can be found here. 

True: Walz claims former Trump White House chief of staff John Kelly called Trump “the most flawed human being he ever met.”

Walz: “It’s those that were closest to Donald Trump that understand how dangerous he is when the world is this dangerous. His chief of staff, John Kelly, said that he was the most flawed human being he ever met.”

Details: John Kelly, a retired Marine general and former President Donald Trump’s chief of staff, told those close to him in 2020 that Trump “is the most flawed person” he’s ever known, according to CNN. 

Kelly confirmed to CNN several stories that leaked out of the Trump administration during his presidency, among them, Trump’s inflammatory comments about service members, calling them “losers” and “suckers.” Kelly said, “A person that thinks those who defend their country in uniform, or are shot down or seriously wounded in combat, or spend years being tortured as POWs are all ‘suckers’ because ‘there is nothing in it for them.'” 

Trump denies making the comments. 

By James LaPorta

Partially true: Walz claims “the last 12 months saw the largest decrease in opioid deaths in our nation’s history —  30% decrease in Ohio.”

Walz: “This is a crisis is — the opioid crisis. And the good news on this is the last 12 months saw the largest decrease in opioid deaths in our nation’s history. 30% decrease in Ohio.

Details: Opioid deaths have fallen to the lowest levels in three years, provisional Centers for Disease Control and Prevention figures suggest, marking the first major decrease on record since deaths first began being tallied this way in 2015. 

The CDC estimates that 77,461 deaths linked to opioids like heroin and fentanyl occurred in the year ending March 2024, down 7% from a year before nationwide. 

The agency estimates 3,462 opioid deaths occurred in March 2024 — and for just Ohio, down 18% from March 2023.

By Alexander Tin

False: Vance says Vice President Harris “became the appointed border czar” 

Details: Vice President Kamala Harris was not asked to be the administration’s “border czar” or to oversee immigration policy and enforcement at the U.S.-Mexico border. That has mainly been the responsibility of Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas and his department, which oversees the country’s main three immigration agencies, including Customs and Border Protection.

President Biden tasked Harris with leading the administration’s diplomatic campaign to address the “root causes” of migration from Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador, including poverty, corruption and violence. The region, known as Central America’s Northern Triangle, has been one of the main sources of migration to the U.S.-Mexico border over the past decade. 

In reality, the only role close to that of a “border czar” under the Biden administration was held for only a few months by Roberta Jacobson, a longtime diplomat who served as coordinator for the Southwest border until April 2021.

By Camilo Montoya-Galvez

Partially true, needs context: Vance claims housing unaffordable because “millions of illegal immigrants … compete with Americans for scarce homes.”

Vance: “You’ve got housing that is totally unaffordable, because we have brought in millions of illegal immigrants to compete with Americans for scarce homes.”

Details: Research indicates that a growth in immigration under the Biden administration is one factor fueling housing demand. However, the housing shortage in the U.S. of an estimated 1.5 million to 7 million housing units has been a longstanding issue since the Great Recession, when the number of homes being built plummeted. Fewer new homes were built in the 10 years ending in 2018 than in any decade since the 1960s, according to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. 

By Laura Doan and Emma Li

Mostly true: Walz claims when Iranian missiles “did fall near U.S. troops and they received traumatic brain injuries, Donald Trump wrote it off as ‘headaches'” 

Walz: “And when Iranian missiles did fall near U.S. troops, and they received traumatic brain injuries, Donald Trump wrote it off as headaches.”

Details: Iran carried out a missile strike on Iraq’s al-Asad air base on Jan. 8, 2020, days after the Trump administration ordered a lethal drone strike on IRGC commander Qassem Soleimani on Jan. 3, 2020, near Baghdad International Airport.

On Jan.17, U.S. Central Command said 11 service members were transported out of al-Asad after being screened for traumatic brain injury. Then-President Trump at first said there were no injuries related to the strike, then later referred to “headaches and a couple other things” that were later confirmed by the Pentagon to be incidents of traumatic brain injury. In the same remarks, on Jan. 22, 2020, he said he didn’t consider the injuries to be “serious.”

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says TBI is “a major cause of death and disability.”

By Olivia Gazis

This article will be updated with additional fact checks as the debate continues.